Computer Architecture - Syllabus

Introduction to databases, including examples and basic concepts.

Introduction to Database Management Systems (DBMS), including advantages and examples.

Types of database users, including actors on the scene and workers behind the scene.

Advantages and benefits of using databases.

Types of data models, including hierarchical, network, ER, relational, and object models.

This topic covers the concept of control words and microprograms in microprogrammed control, including their roles in controlling the flow of data and instructions in a computer system.

This topic explains how address sequencing and conditional branching are used to control the flow of instructions in a microprogrammed control unit, including the use of conditional branch instructions and subroutines.

This topic covers the format of microinstructions and the use of symbolic microinstructions to represent complex control sequences in a microprogrammed control unit.

This topic covers the design principles and considerations for building a control unit using microprogrammed control, including the organization of control memory and the role of the sequencer.

Definition, domain, and range of functions. Understanding the concept of functions and their representations.

Understanding the graphical representation of functions, including the vertical line test and piecewise defined functions.

Introduction to common functions including linear, power, polynomial, and rational functions.

Shifting and scaling graphs, sums, differences, products, and quotients of functions, and composite functions.

Using calculators and computers to plot graphs of functions.

Definition, exponential behavior, and exponential growth and decay.

This topic covers the fundamental logic gates NOT, OR, and AND, including their symbols, truth tables, and applications.

This topic explores the universal logic gates NOR and NAND, their properties, and how they can be used to implement other logic gates.

This topic discusses the EX-OR and EX-NOR gates, their truth tables, and applications in digital circuits.

Organization of registers in a CPU, including the types and functions of registers. Understanding how registers are used to store and retrieve data.

The concept of register stack and memory stack, including how they are used to manage data and program control. Understanding the differences between register stack and memory stack.

Types of instructions based on the number of addresses, including one address and two address instructions. Understanding the format and execution of these instructions.

Different ways of specifying the address of an operand, including immediate, direct, indirect, and indexed addressing modes. Understanding how addressing modes are used in instruction execution.

Instructions for transferring and manipulating data, including load, store, move, and arithmetic instructions. Understanding how data is transferred and manipulated in a CPU.

Overview of Reduced Instruction Set Computing (RISC) and Complex Instruction Set Computing (CISC) architectures, including their design principles and trade-offs.

Understanding the concept of a file and its importance in C programming.

Opening, closing, naming, and basic operations on files in C.

Reading data from and writing data to a file in C, including functions such as fgetc(), fputc(), fprintf(), and fscanf().

The organization of memory in a computer system, including main memory, RAM, ROM, and auxiliary memory. This topic covers the memory address map and connection to the CPU.

The primary storage for data and program instructions in a computer system, including RAM and ROM chips.

A type of memory that uses hardware organization and match logic to perform read and write operations.

A small, fast memory that stores frequently accessed data, using locality of reference and mapping to improve performance.